Revisiting AI Project Cycle — Class 10 Artificial Intelligence NCERT Book Solutions
Revisiting AI Project Cycle NCERT CBSE Book Exercise with Answer
A. Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is the purpose of defining the problem statement during the Problem Scoping stage in an AI project cycle?
A) To collect data
B) To understand the aim and objective of the project
C) To train the model
D) To process data
Answer: B) To understand the aim and objective of the project
2. In what ways can AI models be categorized based on the type of data fed into them?
A) Two domains B) Four domains
C) Three domains D) Five domains
Answer: C) Three domains
3. In Statistical Data, what is the primary function of the system in relation to data?
A) Generating large datasets
B) Analyzing data to extract insights
C) Converting data into images
D) Distributing data across networks
Answer: B) Analyzing data to extract insights
4. What is the main goal of Computer Vision projects?
A) Translating audio data into visual descriptions
B) Converting digital data into analogue signals
C) Teaching machines to understand textual information
D) Converting digital visual data into computer-readable language
Answer: D) Converting digital visual data into computer-readable language
5. What is the primary focus of NLP?
A) Analyzing computer languages
B) Interacting between computers and humans using artificial language
C) Dealing with the interaction between computers and humans using natural language
D) Enhancing human-to-human communication
Answer: C) Dealing with the interaction between computers and humans using natural language
6. What do frameworks provide in the context of problem-solving?
A) Random solutions B) Step-by-step guidance
C) Legal advice D) Ethical justifications
Answer: B) Step-by-step guidance
7. How are Ethical Frameworks for AI categorized?
A) Into legal and illegal frameworks
B) Into sector-based and value-based frameworks
C) Into historical and contemporary frameworks
D) Into theoretical and practical frameworks
Answer: B) Into sector-based and value-based frameworks
8. What is the central focus of virtue-based value-based frameworks?
A) Maximizing utility
B) Protecting human rights
C) Aligning actions with ethical principles and beliefs
D) Ensuring compliance with legal regulations
Answer: C) Aligning actions with ethical principles and beliefs
9. Which of the following best describes rights-based value-based frameworks?
A) Prioritizing human rights and dignity, valuing human life over other considerations
B) Evaluating actions based on maximizing overall good and minimizing harm
C) Centering on the character of the decision-maker and the alignment of actions with personal or societal virtues
D) Focusing on achieving outcomes that offer the greatest benefit
Answer: A) Prioritizing human rights and dignity, valuing human life over other considerations
10. What is the primary domain of application for Bioethics?
A) Agriculture B) Healthcare and life sciences
C) Information technology D) Environmental conservation
Answer: B) Healthcare and life sciences
B. Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions
Options:
A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
B) Assertion is true, but Reasoning is false.
C) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, but Reasoning is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
D) Assertion is false, but Reasoning is true.
11. Assertion: Ethics provide guidance in distinguishing right from wrong.
Reasoning: Ethics consist of a set of values and morals that aid individuals in making moral judgments and decisions.
Answer: A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct explanation of the Assertion
12. Assertion: Value-based frameworks in ethics provide guidance by focusing on fundamental ethical principles and values.
Reasoning: These frameworks reflect different moral philosophies guiding ethical reasoning and are concerned with assessing the moral worth of actions.
Answer: A) Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct explanation of the Assertion
C. Reflection Time:
Que 1. Outline the main steps in the AI Project Cycle briefly.
Answer: The main steps in the AI Project Cycle are:
- Problem Scoping – Define the problem to be solved, set clear goals, and identify key parameters affecting the problem.
- Data Acquisition – Collect relevant, reliable, and authentic data related to the problem.
- Data Exploration – Analyze and visualize data (graphs, charts, maps) to identify patterns and insights.
- Modelling – Select and build suitable AI models, test different approaches, and choose the most efficient one.
- Evaluation – Test the model with new data to check accuracy, performance, and areas for improvement.
- Deployment – Implement the model in real-world scenarios to deliver value and impact to users.
Que 2. What roles does computer vision play in agricultural monitoring systems?
Answer: Computer vision is employed in agriculture for crop monitoring, pest detection, and yield estimation.
Drones with cameras capture aerial images of farmland, which are then analysed to assess crop health and optimize farming practices.
Que 3. Mention the factors which knowingly or unknowingly influence our decision-making.
Answer: The factors that knowingly or unknowingly influence our decision-making include:
- Emotions – Feelings like fear, joy, or anger can influence decisions.
- Past Experiences – Previous outcomes help guide current choices.
- Social Influence – Family, peers, and societal norms shape our thinking.
- Religion and Beliefs – Faith and moral teachings affect what we consider right or wrong.
- Cognitive Biases – Mental shortcuts can lead to irrational or flawed decisions.
- Intuition and Personal Values – Gut feelings and deeply held values often guide us, especially in complex or moral decisions.
Que 4. What is the necessity for Ethical Frameworks in AI development?
Answer: AI is essentially being used as a decision-making/ influencing tool. As such, we need to ensure that AI makes morally acceptable recommendations. Ethical frameworks ensure that AI makes morally acceptable choices. If we use ethical frameworks while building our AI solutions, we can avoid unintended outcomes, even before they take place!
Que 5. Mention the key characteristics of sector-based frameworks.
Answer: Key characteristics of sector-based frameworks are
- Focus on ethical issues specific to an industry (e.g., healthcare, finance).
- Provide context-based guidelines and standards for AI use.
- Protect rights, safety, and interests of stakeholders.
- Ensure compliance with sectoral laws and accountability.
Que 6. What do you mean by Bioethics?
Answer: Bioethics refers to the study of ethical issues and moral principles related to healthcare, medicine, and biological sciences. It ensures that practices, research, and technologies—such as AI in healthcare—are used responsibly, safeguarding human dignity, rights, and well-being.
Que 7. What is Natural Language Processing? Explain any two real-life applications of NLP.
Answer: Natural Language Processing is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables computers to understand, interpret, and process human languages in the form of text or speech.
Two Real-life Applications of NLP:
- Email filters: Email filters are one of the most basic and initial applications of NLP online. It started with spam filters, uncovering certain words or phrases that signal a spam message.
- Machine Translation: NLP is used in machine translation systems like Google Translate and Microsoft Translator to automatically translate text from one language to another.
- Chatbots and Virtual Assistants – Tools like Siri, Alexa, and customer service chatbots use NLP to understand user queries and respond in natural language.
- Language Translation – Applications like Google Translate use NLP to convert text or speech from one language to another accurately.
Que 8. How do value-based frameworks contribute to ethical decision-making by emphasizing fundamental principles and values?
Answer: Value-based frameworks contribute to ethical decision-making by focusing on fundamental ethical principles and values. They reflect different moral philosophies that guide reasoning, assess the moral worth of actions, and ensure ethical behaviour.
D. Case-Based Questions
1. Case Scenario:
In a corporate setting, a multinational company is facing scrutiny over its environmental practices, particularly regarding the disposal of industrial waste. The company has historically prioritized profit maximization and cost-cutting measures, leading to practices that result in environmental harm and negative impacts on local communities. As public awareness and concern about environmental sustainability grow, stakeholders, including investors, customers, and advocacy groups, are calling for the company to adopt more responsible and sustainable business practices.
Question: Drawing from the case presented, analyze the ethical considerations surrounding the company’s environmental practices through the lens of value-based frameworks in ethics.
Answer: From a value-based ethical perspective, the company’s profit-driven waste disposal practices are unethical as they violate duties of responsibility, fairness, and respect for community rights. Ethical frameworks emphasize that sustainable business is not optional but a moral obligation. Therefore, the company must adopt eco-friendly waste management, compensate affected communities, and align its strategy with the triple bottom line—People, Planet, and Profit.
2. Case Scenario:
In a rural farming community, a group of small-scale farmers is faced with a dilemma regarding the use of pesticides on their crops. The farmers have traditionally relied on chemical pesticides to control pests and maximize crop yields. However, concerns have been raised about the potential environmental and health impacts of pesticide use, including soil contamination, water pollution, and adverse effects on human health. Additionally, neighboring communities and environmental advocacy groups have expressed opposition to the widespread use of pesticides, citing ecological damage and risks to biodiversity.
Question: Using the case provided, examine the ethical considerations surrounding pesticide use in the agricultural sector, applying ethical frameworks to analyze the competing interests and values at stake.
Answer:The use of pesticides raises serious ethical concerns as it prioritizes short-term crop gains over long-term human health, environmental sustainability, and community rights. While farmers’ livelihoods are important, practices that harm ecosystems and endanger people are unjust. Ethical frameworks emphasize duties of care, fairness, and respect for nature, suggesting a shift toward sustainable alternatives like organic farming or integrated pest management. Thus, balancing productivity with ecological responsibility is the most ethical path for the agricultural sector.
By Anjeev Kr Singh – Computer Science Educator
Published on : January 6, 2026 | Updated on : January 6, 2026
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