41. What is computer software?
Answer: Software are the programs or applications that run on computer. For example, MS Word, MS PowerPoint, Operating systems, etc.
42. Name the physical components of a computer.
Answer: A computer basically consists of following physical components:
- Input unit
- Processing unit
- Storage unit
- Auxiliary storage
- Output unit
43. What are input devices?
Answer: Input devices are used for entering data or instructions into the computer.
44. What does CPU stands for?
Answer: CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.
45. What is the name given to CPU?
Answer: CPU is often called the brain of the computer.
46. What are the functions of the CPU?
Answer: The functions of the CPU are:
- controlling the sequence of operations within the computer
- giving commands to other parts of the computer
- controlling the use of main memory for storing data and instructions
47. What are the units of the CPU?
Answer: The units of the CPU are:
- Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
- Control Unit (CU)
- Memory Unit (MU)
48. What is the use of ALU?
Answer: All the calculation and comparisons are done in this unit.
49. What are the arithmetic operations are done in the ALU?
Answer: The ALU performs all the following arithmetic operations:
- + (addition)
- – (subtraction)
- * (multiplication)
- / (Division)
- ^ (Exponent)
50. What are the logical operations are done in the ALU?
Answer: The ALU performs all the following logical operations:
- < (less than)
- > (greater than)
- <= (less than or equal to)
- >= (greater than or equal to)
- <> (not equal to)
51. What is CU?
Answer: The control unit controls the flow of data from the input devices to memory and from memory to output devices.
52. What is the use of the CU?
Answer: It does not process the data. When the processing begins, the first instruction of the program is selected and fed into the control section of the primary storage area. It is then interpreted there and then the signals are sent to other components to perform the necessary action. The next instruction, is then selected, interpreted, and executed. This is continued till all the instructions are processed.
53. What are Registers?
Answer: These are temporary storage areas found in CPU of modern computers.
54. Name the categories in which software is divided.
Answer: Software is divided into the following categories:
55. What is the system software?
Answer: System software is a set of one or more programs designed to control the operation of a computer system.
55. What come under the category of the system software?
Answer: System software contains:
- Operating systems
- Language processors
56. What is an operating system?
Answer: Operating system is a master control program that runs the computer.
57. When the computer is switched on, what is the first program loaded into the computer’s memory?
Answer: When the computer is switched on, operating system is the first program loaded into the computer’s memory.
58. Name some examples of operating system.
Answer: Examples of operating system are:
- Windows
- UNIX
- MS-DOS
- Mac OS
- Solaris
- Linux
- Android
- Ubuntu
- iOS
59. What is a language processor?
Answer: A computer understands instructions in the form of machine code, i.e., 0 and 1. The programs are written in English like high level language called source code. The source code must be converted into machine language in order to be executed. The translator program that is used to convert source program written in high level language to machine code is called language processor. The program translated into machine code is called the object program.
60. What are the three types of language processor?
Answer: Language processors are of three types:
- Assembler:- It is a program that translates an assembly language program into machine language.
- Compiler:-It is a program that translates a high-level language program into machine language. For example C++ compiler.
- Interpreter:-It is a program that translates a high-level language into machine language program line by line. For example, Visual basic Interpreter.
